Class Notes August 29-September 2

Overview of the Major Eras (August 29^th)

Vocabulary

Era – A period of time characterized by particular circumstances, events, or people

Chronology – The science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time, such as the use of a timeline
Absolute Chronology – Exact dates
Relative Chronology – Eras or time periods

Major Eras

Era of European Exploration – Why European countries (specifically England, France and Spain) sent explorers to the New World

Era of Colonial Settlement – How the 13 Colonies were formed and how the idea of Independence began

Revolutionary War Era – How we gained our independence from the British and who helped us get it

New Republic Era – How we set up our government based on compromise and the one thing we couldn’t compromise on

Era of Westward Expansion – How the United States as we know it today came to be

Civil War and Reconstruction Era – How the country tore itself apart over slavery and states’ rights and how it got put back together

Era of European Exploration (August 30-31)

Vocabulary

Exploration – searching for the purpose of discovery

Charter – a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements
Colonize – To form or establish a colony or colonies

Timeline Items

(1215) Magna Carta – Influenced both the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and guaranteed the people three things:

 -- Trial by Jury
 -- Due Process
 -- Limited Government

(1265) English Parliament – English government

(1492) Columbus reaches the New World – Columbus discovers the New World while searching for a faster route to Asia

                                 

1. Why did Europeans explore?

A.  Marco Polo’s travels to China
B.  Demand for goods from Asia (spices)
C.  Competition with other countries for trade ($)

2. Columbus “discovers” America

A.  Columbus was inspired by Marco Polo
B.  Spain was in competition with Portugal
C.  Portugal began the African slave trade in 1400’s
D. Columbus was looking for a faster route to India
E. Columbus represented Spain

Era of Colonial Settlement (September 1-2)

Vocabulary

Representative Government – government founded on elected individuals representing the people

Indentured Servant – a person who came to America and was placed under contract to work, usually for seven years

 Timeline Items

(1607) Jamestown Colony – the first permanent English colony in the Americas

(1619) First Africans arrive in America – the first Africans were not slaves; they were indentured servants

(1619) Virginia House of Burgesses – the first example of representative government in America

(1620) Mayflower Compact – established self-government and majority rule (signed by all the men)

Updated Timeline for 2011-12 School Year

Important Dates

1607 – Jamestown Settlement
1620 – Pilgrims' arrival & Mayflower Compact
1776 – Declaration of Independence
1787 – U.S. Constitution
1803 – Louisiana Purchase
1861-1865 – Civil War

Timeline

Era of European Exploration

1215 – Magna Carta
1265 – English Parliament
1492 – Columbus sails to New World

Era of Colonial Settlement

1607 – Jamestown Settlement
1619 – Virginia House of Burgesses
1619 – First Africans arrive in America
1620 – Mayflower Compact
1639 – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1689 – English Bill of Rights
1720 – First Great Awakening
1754 – Albany Plan of Union
1754 – French and Indian War
1763 – Treaty of Paris
1763 – Proclamation of 1763

American Revolutionary Era

1764 – Sugar Act
1765 – Stamp Act
1766 – Stamp Act Repealed
1766 – Declaratory Acts
1767 – Townshend Acts
1770 – Boston Massacre
1773 – Tea Act
1773 – Boston Tea Party
1774 – Coercive Acts
1774 – First Continental Congress
1775 – Lexington and Concord
1775 – Second Continental Congress
1776 – Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
1776 – Declaration of Independence
1777 – Articles of Confederation
1777 – Saratoga
1778 – Valley Forge
1781 – Yorktown
1783 – Treaty of Paris

New Republic Era

1787 – Northwest Ordinance
1787 – Philadelphia Convention
1787 – Three-fifths Compromise
1787 – U.S. Constitution
1789 – First U.S. President (George Washington)
1789 – Origin of Political Parties
1791 – Bill of Rights
1791 – First Bank of the U.S.
1793 – Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin
1796 – Washington’s Farewell Address
1798 – Alien and Sedition Act
1798 – XYZ Affair
1800 – Industrial Revolution and Free Enterprise
1801 – Interchangeable Parts
1803 – Marbury v. Madison
1803 – Second Great Awakening

Era of Westward Expansion

1803 – Louisiana Purchase
1809 – James Madison
1812 – War of 1812
1815 – Battle of New Orleans
1816 – Second Bank of U.S.
1817 – Reform Movement: Disabilities
1819 – McCulloch v. Maryland
1820 – Missouri Compromise
1823 – Monroe Doctrine
1824 – Gibbons v. Ogden
1826 – Reform Movement: Temperance
1828 – Election of Andrew Jackson
1828 – Rise of Modern Democrats
1830 – Indian Removal Act
1832 – Nullification Crisis
1832 – Jackson challenges Second Bank of U.S.
1832 – Worcester v. Georgia
1837 – Reform Movement: Education
1838 – Trail of Tears
1840 – Oregon Country
1841 – Reform Movement: Prisons
1845 – Texas is annexed as the 28th state
1846 – Mexican-American War
1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
1848 – California Gold Rush
1848 – Mormons in Utah
1848 – Seneca Falls Convention

Civil War/Reconstruction Era

1850 – Compromise of 1850
1850 – Fugitive Slave Act
1852 – Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1854 – Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 – Bleeding Kansas
1857 – Dred Scott v. Sandford
1859 – Raid on Harper’s Ferry
1861 – Lincoln’s Inaugural Address
1861 – Davis’ Inaugural Address
1861 – Civil War begins at Fort Sumter, SC
1861 – First Battle of Bull Run
1862 – Battle Hymn of the Republic
1862 – Homestead Act
1862 – Morrill Act
1862 – Battle of Antietam
1863 – Emancipation Proclamation
1863 – Battle of Gettysburg
1863 – Battle of Vicksburg
1863 – Gettysburg Address
1865 – Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address
1865 – Lee surrenders at Appomattox
1865 – President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated
1865 – 13th Amendment
1867 – 14th Amendment
1870 – 15th Amendment
1886 – Statue of Liberty
1887 – Dawes Act